For over half a century, cancer-related chemicals have plunged hundreds of feet through sinkholes beneath Lake Mary’s telecommunications plant, spreading miles into the Floridan aquifer and penetrating thousands of Seminole County residents.
Starting several years ago, several years ago, to discuss the existence of the chemical without fully understanding the extent of the problem, the Orlando Sentinel made its concerns. Now, in a vital shift, the Florida Geological Survey and the Environmental Protection Agency publicly examined the “fingerprints” of contamination, explained the way forward, and pointed out the person in charge.
In a rapid and continuous sequence, the agency recently disclosed explanatory memorandums, demand for payments, and other documents obtained by the Sentinel, which denies the widespread dangerous contamination of abolished factories and their users.
The looming importance of the state’s decision is that the company that holds financial assets of Industrial Titans General Dynamics Corporation and Siemens Corporation, as well as former factory tenants Moni Holdings LLC, are now facing horrific pressure.
The state has yet to specify potential obligations, but corporate liability could include tens of millions of dollars as it could help find 1,4-dioxane hotspots, process them, and remove chemicals from the Sanford and Seminole County water systems.
“We are no longer ourselves,” Sanford Mayor Art Woodruff said in an interview last week. His city has repeatedly sought state intervention over the past decade, and is now pursuing general dynamics, federal lawsuits against Siemens and Moni. It claims that the city’s water is now contaminated with chemicals tied to the factory by Florida authorities. “We have the state and their science with us,” Woodruff said.
1,4-dioxane also invaded the west of Seminole County’s public water system, but previous county leaders remained silent mainly about the dangers and the need for corrective action. But Seminole County leaders agree to the state’s decision, a spokesman said.
Neither Siemens nor Moni commented on recent developments in the general dynamics of owning factory properties.
In its action, the Environmental Protection Agency charged $3$1.4 million for an investigation into the state’s recent factory pollution. The research work failed to perform the company in 2023.
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The department also ordered three political parties to commence “corrective measures” on February 11, giving them 21 days to appeal demand.
At the heart of the water problem in Seminole County is the esoteric chemical solvent 1,4-dioxane.
It is synthetic and is used in a variety of industrial and manufacturing settings and is commonly referred to as eternal chemicals. Once released into the environment, 1,4-dioxane remains alone for a long time and is extremely difficult to remove.
There was no controversy as to whether the factory released or spills chemicals at its facility, where limited cleanup has been in place since the early 2000s. However, there have been high stakes debate over how widely and how much 1,4-dioxane has moved from the factory site to the Floridan aquifer.
“From 1968 until the present, we can safely assume that a facility is releasing contaminants,” a December memorandum from the top leaders of the Florida Geological Survey stated.
The Telecommunications Equipment Factory has been a hub for technical and white collar work for many years. It was closed in 2003 and was run by five companies throughout its lifetime. It is often referred to as something that belongs to Siemens, the multinational giant who last used it.
In the early 2000s, investigators documented stews of harmful chemicals remaining on factory property.
However, until 2013, when the EPA called for utilities across the country to investigate eternal chemicals, Lake Mary, Sanford and Seminole counties learned that 1,4-dioxane was in the water.
Chemicals are considered to be highly likely to cause cancer by the US Environmental Protection Agency. However, 1,4-dioxane, like thousands of other potentially dangerous chemicals, is unregulated and has not been assigned legal restrictions on how much of a drinking water is. However, there is a state and federal health advisor limit for 0.35 copies of chemicals per billion copies of water.
The 1,4-dioxane concentrations first detected in wells in the area exceed the limits of that recommendation and may have risen over decades.
Upon informing the issue, three local governments responded by reducing the use of contaminated wells and relying more on uncontaminated wells.
But there are no officials at any level – in part because there were no instructions given on how to respond to the unregulated chemical outbreak.
The city’s water wells closest to the factory, and the most contaminated Lake Mary leaders quietly got three companies to pay for advanced treatment plants. It came online in 2021 and removed everything except trace amounts of 1,4-dioxane.
The issue was widely known just two years ago when the Sentinel released a series of stories entitled “Toxic Secret.”
Additionally, the discoveries and intentions of Florida environmental investigators and regulators have not been well understood for many years.
According to a December memorandum, the Florida geological survey has been investigating the movement of 1,4-dioxane within the Floridan aquifer since at least 2023, finding a combination of 1,4-dioxane’s Tertale chemical fingerprints and another chemical.
“All industrial facilities have a specific history of solvent use and disposal, and this is no exception to generating unique chemical features or fingerprints for groundwater and contaminant release to Lake Mary’s former Siemens facility,” the memorandum states.
As part of that protocol, the telecommunications factory tame 1,4-dioxane in another degreasing solvent, trichloroethane, or TCA, from corroded and damaged manufactured metal components.
Both 1,4-dioxane and TCA have been measured at very high concentrations of plant soil and groundwater. However, TCA breaks down within a few years, becoming another chemical, 1,1-dichlorotetene, or 1,1-dce. This is a 1,4-dioxane-like cancer, according to the EPA.
The unique comming of 1,4-dioxane and 1,1-dce is a smoking gun in the assessment of the Florida Geological Survey.
“Both of these contaminants have moved more than 2.5 miles from the previous Siemens facility,” the agency’s memorandum states:
A Florida geological survey also revealed the conspiratorial features of this chemical combination. 1,1-dce inhibits the natural decomposition of 1,4-dioxane and enables its diffusion.
“The large area of the 1,4-dioxam sampleme in Seminole County was highly possible due to the presence of high concentrations of 1,1DCE,” the agency found.
And that discovery is tied to another provocative revelation in the agency’s memorandum.
Observations installed on the ground near the factory detected a huge historic spike in the TCA. This is a chemical that breaks down into 1,1DCE.
Spikes began in 2005 and peaked in 2008. As highlighted in the geological survey, this period was 20 years after the factory reported that it had stopped using the TCA, and several years after the factory was closed, investigated and reviewed hazardous waste sites.
“This is proof that it was used/or disposed of much later,” notes TCA Spike’s memorandum.
The plume of 1,4-dioxane contamination had yet another helper, and state research shows that it is an unfortunate place in ancient sinkholes.
Many of the Floridan aquifers are greatly protected from downward movement of contamination by layers on top of dense, impermeable clay.
However, at the Siemens site, previous research pointed out several ancient sinkholes under the factory. This focused on sinkholes that formed craters long ago on the clay layer and refilled with sand over time. They have played an important role in contamination disasters, according to the state’s memorandum of understanding.
The ancient sinkholes “provide an unobstructed pathway for contaminants released on surfaces since 1968 (including 1,4-dioxane and 1,1-dce) and travel vertically to the upper Floridan aquifer over decades,” the study states.
Other contaminants in the factories and Florida aquifers are still on the move, including TCE, PCE, TCA and polyvinyl chloride. Geological surveys show that they “behave in mutual dependence as they move.”
Efforts to remove 1,4-dioxane and related chemicals from the Floridan aquifer are challenging as they are so deep and widespread. However, access to water in wells and aquifers is becoming increasingly valuable due to the growing population and increasing water demand.
So, since it was filed in state court late last year and promoted to federal court, Sanford’s lawsuit has sought interim action. This is because private parties will provide the city with a high-performance water treatment plant similar to Lake Mary.
In late January, General Dynamics lawyers Siemens and Moni filed separate claims to fire the Sanford case, claiming there was no evidence to support the evidence of the allegations.
Almost two weeks later, the Environmental Protection Agency – essentially – sided with Sanford and ordered the three companies to pursue pollution plume assessments and cleaning.