This study found that the number of carbon atoms in PFAS compounds plays an important role in brain accumulation.
New research reveals the existence of “eternal chemicals” and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) in human brain tissue.
PFA, widely used in food packaging, cooking utensils, fire extinguishing foam and furniture, has been detected in human blood, but their presence in brain tissue has not been extensively studied.
The chemical is used for military bases and fire foam foam against pollution issues and is therefore subject to major compensation claims from the Australian Department of Defense.
“Humans are exposed to PFA through water, contaminated food, indoor dust and consumer products,” said Dr. Claire Shepherd, director of Newra’s Sydney Brain Bank.
“It’s difficult to find people in developed countries who can’t detect PFA levels in the blood,” she said in a statement, saying the number of carbon atoms in PFAS compounds is an important reason behind brain accumulation.
This study was conducted by Sydney Brainbank, Queensland Alliance of Environmental Health Sciences, and the School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW.
Links to cancer and neurological diseases
The study also raised concerns about the association between PFA exposure and conditions such as thyroid disease, liver damage, testicular cancer and neurocognitive effects.
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Researchers analyzed post-mortem brain and serum samples and found that PFAS distribution within the brain depends on the carbon structure of the compound.
“Understanding how individual PFAs behave in the brain is important to assess potential health effects, including neurodegenerative diseases,” said Dr. Shepherd.
While science is still working to establish clear causal relationships, some studies suggest PFA exposure and increased risk of testes, kidneys and breast cancer, as well as changes in cholesterol levels, immune function and hormone regulation.
“Many of these diseases and symptoms, such as increased cholesterol, can be caused by a variety of factors, making it difficult to identify PFA as the cause,” he said.
Government will strengthen PFAS response
Amid growing concern, the Australian government announced in December 2024 the creation of a national coordination body to manage PFA pollution.
The bodies will oversee pollution prevention at major locations, including Williamtown Air Force Base in NSW, the Army Aviation Centre Okey in Queensland, and Tyndal Air Force Base in Northern Territory.
Meanwhile, residents of Reck Bay, NSW, whose land is affected by PFAS pollution, are looking for stronger action.
The Select Committee on PFA heard concerns in January and expert testimony on the complexities linking PFA exposure to chronic disease.
Often called “eternal chemicals,” Osborne noted that PFA breaks down over time and eventually gets eliminated from the human body.
However, researchers emphasize the need for further research to understand the full impact of PFA on brain function and overall health.
